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In order to accelerate the development of China's textile industry, the transformation of traditional textile industry with high technology will be the most important industrial policy in the 21st century. At present, accelerating the development of combing machines and combing products is also one of the key points in the structural adjustment of the cotton textile industry, because only by improving the quality and grade of textile products can we enhance the competitiveness of textile products in the domestic and foreign markets. At present, the number of combing machines in China is about 15,000, and the total output of combed yarns is about 17%. Therefore, the proportion of combing machines and the proportion of combed yarns in total Compared with industrial developed countries, there is still a long way to go. Moreover, most of China's combing machines are seriously aging. More importantly, there are still low-level redundant constructions in the past decade. This not only wastes a lot of manpower, material resources and financial resources, but also seriously affects the quality of products and new products. Development.
As a competitive industry in which contemporary China participates in international competition, the textile industry is facing new opportunities and new challenges arising from the application of high-tech transformation of traditional industries and the integration of world markets. As a textile machinery equipment with high-tech integrated application, such as machine, electricity, gas and instrument, high-efficiency combing machine plays an irreplaceable role in improving the grade of textile products and product quality. The former Ministry of Textile Industry once listed cotton spinning combs as one of the five major tasks of technical transformation of cotton textile equipment during the "Eighth Five-Year Plan" period, and identified the development of new combing machines and combing preparation equipment as four new localizations of new textile machinery. One of the "heavier weights" projects. As one of the symbols of modernization of cotton mills, the new cotton spinning comber has become the consensus of the industry.
After the efforts of the "Ninth Five-Year Plan" period, China has upgraded to a new level in the research and development level and use level of high-performance combing machines. The time to promote high-performance combing machines has matured, and it is imperative.
2 Features of high performance comber
2.1 High speed
The speed of the comber is an important indicator of its level of modernization. Because the speed of the comber is higher, the single machine output and labor productivity are higher, and the combing machine's ten thousand ingots, floor space, user and power consumption are also reduced accordingly. The process speed of a high-performance comber should be above 300 nips/min.
2.2 High overall quality level
The high-performance comber has good mechanical properties and spinning quality at high speed. The concrete manifestation of good mechanical performance is: stable and reliable production operation and less mechanical failure. The quality of spinning is mainly reflected in the indicators of combed cotton, the CV value of combed strips, the number of combed strands of combed strips, and the rate of short piles in combed strips.
2.3 High degree of automation
The level of automation of the comber is also an important indicator of its level of modernization. Increasing the level of automation not only reduces the labor intensity and care burden of the operator, but also reduces the driving failure of the comber, improves the operating rate of the machine and the quality of the combed product. The level of automation is mainly reflected in: first, the use of a variety of high-sensitivity self-stop devices; second, the use of computer monitoring systems, display machine output, quality and other technical indicators, with human-machine dialogue function; third is the use of PLC program control system, frequency conversion Speed ​​control technology, etc. In recent years, China has designed and manufactured the FA266 comber, and also produced a PX2-J comber with the Italian Mazzoli company. The speed of these two combers is above 300 clamps/min, making China The quality level of the comber has leapt to a new level. However, compared with the latest foreign combing machines (such as the Swiss Rieter E72), there is still a considerable gap in the design and production of combing machines in China. How to carry out technological innovation in the design of new machines and catch up with the world's advanced level is a major issue we face. On the other hand, the performance of the high-performance comber is different from that of the general comber. Some manufacturers do not know enough about it. The high-efficiency comber still uses the old process (or backward process) to make the high-performance comber. The superiority has not been reflected and fully played. Therefore, technological and process innovations are required in the design of new machines and the use of high-performance combers.
3 Process performance and quality indicators of high-performance combing machine
Under normal cotton blending conditions, high-performance combing machines should achieve the following process indicators.
(1) The CV value of the combed strip Uster strip is below 3.8%
The merits of the CV value of the combed strips are closely related to the quality of the semi-finished products in the whole production process. The dry CV value of the combed strips is influenced by factors such as the cotton grade, the length of the blend, the quantification of the combed strip, and the mechanical state. And related to the preparation process configuration and mechanical state.
(2) The combed cotton has a short pile rate of over 70%
The case of combed cotton with a short pile rate not only measures the performance of the comber to remove neps and impurities, but also relates to the saving of cotton, which has attracted more and more attention.
(3) The combed strip has a short pile rate of less than 8%
The combed strip has a low velvet rate, which is related to the quality of the yarn. It is related to the short velvet control of the raw material and the combing process, and is also related to the short velvet control of the combing preparation process, and directly affects the coarse yarn. Section, detail and nep, impurity content.
(4) The cotton removal rate after combing is not less than 17%, and the impurity removal rate after combing is 50% or more (contrast sliver)
The combed neps and impurity content directly affect the quality of the semi-finished product and the finished yarn. It is not only related to the combing mechanism, carding method, carding state and suction condition of the combing machine, but also with the cotton blending condition and the raw strips. The process of opening the cotton cleaning process and the state of the cleaning machine are related.
(5) The weight unevenness rate in the combing machine is below 0.6%, and the weight unevenness between the machines is below 0.9%.
The unevenness of the weight of the combed strip is related to the dry CV value of the combed strip and the structure of the combed strip, and the unevenness of the sliver weight of the sliver and the small volume of the combing preparation process Rate related. The unevenness of the weight in the machine is only related to the eye difference, and it is relatively easy to control. The unevenness of the weight between the machines involves whether there is a difference in the mechanical state between the machines, which should be paid attention to in production. 4 PX2-J combing machine technical characteristics analysis
The PX2-J high-performance combing machine is a product of the Italian Mazoli company and is now produced by the Shanghai Textile Machinery General Factory. Its technical performance and production capacity are comparable to those of the FA266 comber. The main features are as follows (4).
(1) PX2-J high-performance combing machine adopts static frequency converter to ensure instantaneous transformation of process speed. At the same time, all drive parts are oil-lubricated to reduce maintenance and noise.
(2) The feeding part of the PX2-J high-performance comber is fed into the roller by a continuous lap, so that the lap is not deformed when it is fed, and the spare roll can be quickly placed in place.
(3) The PX2-J high-performance comber is equipped with a compressed air automatic nozzle for automatic cleaning of the top comb, which can effectively clean the fibers accumulated in the top comb portion, eliminating the trouble of manually cleaning the top comb. The special nipper can control all grades of cotton fiber. When the machine stops, the nipper stops at the foremost position and the gripping fibers do not sag. The round combing angle is 90° or 112°, and the cleaning time and cleaning frequency of the round comb can be set.
(4) PX2-J high-performance combing machine separation roller and leather roller are matched, pneumatically pressurized, so that the combed fiber and cotton net are perfectly combined.
(5) PX2-J high-performance combing machine adopts four up and down pneumatic drafting devices, and the inclined drafting mechanism reduces the distance from the coiler to prevent accidental drafting.
(6) PX2-J high-performance combing machine Each combing head has a corresponding electronic monitor to identify the fault of the corresponding combing head and possible defects.
(7) PX2-J high-performance combing machine is collected and placed in the central pipe at the same time, which is convenient for centralized treatment.
Nowadays, cotton textile enterprises are actively promoting the application of domestic high-performance combing machines as one of the important means in adjusting product structure, improving product grades and enhancing the competitiveness of cotton textile products in the domestic and foreign markets.
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