A pulled back muscle can strike suddenly, often causing a sharp pain when lifting or bending. Sometimes, the discomfort grows progressively over time, worsening as the days pass. While it's a common injury, this fact offers little solace—especially when it keeps you from engaging in activities you love. Technically, we refer to it as a "pulled" muscle, but it's actually a strain—an injury to the muscle or tendon caused by tearing or overstretching. It's important not to confuse this with a sprain, which involves damage to a ligament, the tissue connecting bones, muscles, and organs. The severity of pain from a pulled back muscle varies widely, ranging from mild irritation to excruciating discomfort. Recovery typically takes several weeks, though in some instances, it could take a few months. Back pain, frequently due to a pulled muscle, is among the most frequent complaints treated by healthcare professionals. In most cases, you can manage symptoms at home using the recovery tips outlined here. However, if the pain becomes unbearable or significantly hampers movement, seek medical attention.

Symptoms

If you've pulled a back muscle, the symptoms can vary depending on where the injury is located. The spine consists of three primary sections: the cervical spine (neck), thoracic spine (upper back and shoulders), and lumbar spine (lower back).

For a pulled muscle in the neck, you might experience:

  • Limited range of motion in the neck
  • Stiffness in the neck
  • Pain in the neck and upper back area
  • Pain radiating to the shoulders or arms
  • Headaches

Pulled muscles in the shoulders and upper back can lead to:

  • Pain in the area between the spine and shoulder blade
  • Muscle spasms in the upper back
  • Knots and tightness in the upper back/shoulders
  • Pain when moving the shoulders

Lower back pain symptoms may include:

  • Aching and stiffness
  • Pain that worsens with movement
  • Pain that radiates to the hips and legs
  • Limited range of motion
  • Muscle spasms in the lower back area
  • Pain when sitting, standing, or walking

Causes and Diagnosis

Some of the most common causes of pulled back muscles include:
  • Falls, particularly if you land hard or in an awkward position. Leave the acrobatics to the professionals.
  • Repetitive movements that stress and irritate the back muscles, such as bending, crouching, and reaching. Don't try to be a hero—use a step stool to reach high shelves.
  • Improper lifting techniques or attempting to lift something too heavy. Parents, for example, can injure their backs when picking up or playing with children. They do grow up fast!
  • Excess weight putting strain on the back. People who are overweight or pregnant are more prone to pulled back muscles. Treat your body kindly.
  • A sedentary lifestyle, which can weaken the back and increase the risk of injury. Maybe it's time to get those steps in?
  • Poor posture while sitting or incorrect form during physical activities. No one is immune—whether you're a tech bro or a gym bro.

What You Can Do

Regardless of where the pulled muscle is in the body, the general steps to treat it remain similar. However, always consult a medical professional before attempting to treat any injury, as symptoms of other conditions—such as disc issues or fractures—can mimic a strained muscle. After speaking with your healthcare provider, consider the following steps:

1. Chill Out.

Cryotherapy, or applying cold to an injury, reduces inflammation, which is the primary source of pain in the first few days post-injury. The sooner you apply cold to a pulled back muscle, the quicker you may alleviate pain, control swelling, and kickstart healing. Apply a cold pack for 15–20 minutes immediately after the injury. Cryotherapy systems like Game Ready circulate ice water to cool and reduce swelling, muscle spasms, and pain.

2. Pressure It.

Compression bandages or an active compression system can minimize swelling and edema, allowing damaged tissues to repair themselves more efficiently. Game Ready gently squeezes and releases, mimicking natural muscle contractions to remove swelling and boost blood flow.

3. Take It Easy.

Immediately after the injury, limit your activity and allow your body time to rest. Avoid movements that intensify pain. Once the initial discomfort eases, gradually returning to normal activity levels can prevent muscle weakness.

4. Stretch Gently.

According to Dr. Kojo Hamilton, gentle stretching may enhance tissue healing by increasing blood flow to the injured area. Applying heat to the area before stretching can also be beneficial.

5. Pharmacy Assistance.

Use pain medications sparingly to help manage discomfort throughout the day. If you need pain relief, discuss options with your doctor. NSAIDs, for instance, can temporarily reduce swelling. Always follow the instructions on the label!

6. Return Stronger.

As pain diminishes, incorporate strengthening exercises alongside gentle stretches. Over-resting and weakening muscles can slow recovery and increase the likelihood of future injuries.

7. Call the Massage Therapist.

A light massage can increase blood flow to the injured tissues.

8. Add Heat.

After the first few days, alternating cold and heat may help reduce pain and stiffness. Game Ready provides both therapeutic cold and active compression to alleviate pain and swelling, increase blood flow, and aid in returning to daily activities. Find a provider near you and elevate your recovery journey.

Sources:

  1. Back Strains and Sprains. Cleveland Clinic. https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/10265-back-strains-and-sprains. (January 23, 2024)
  2. Ligament. Cleveland Clinic. https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/body/21604-ligament. (February 5, 2024).
  3. Low Back Strain and Sprain. American Association of Neurological Surgeons. https://www.aans.org/Patients/Neurosurgical-Conditions-and-Treatments/Low-Back-Strain-and-Sprain. (January 23, 2024)
  4. Neck Sprains and Strains. OrthoInfo by American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons. https://orthoinfo.aaos.org/en/diseases--conditions/neck-sprain/. (January, 27, 2023).
  5. Identifying, Treating, and Preventing Rhomboid Muscle Pain. Healthline. https://www.healthline.com/health/rhomboid-muscle-pain. (January 27, 2023).
  6. Hochberg J. A Randomized Prospective Study to Assess the Efficacy of Two Cold-therapy Treatments Following Carpal Tunnel Release. J Hand Ther.
  7. Airaksinen O, Kolari PJ, Miettinen H. Elastic Bandages and Intermittent Pneumatic Compression for Treatment of Acute Ankle Sprains.
  8. Exercises for Lower Back Muscle Strain. Spine-health by Veritas Health. https://www.spine-health.com/conditions/lower-back-pain/exercises-lower-back-muscle-strain (January 23, 2024.)
  9. Immediate Treatment for a Back Muscle Strain. Spine-health by Veritas Health. https://www.spine-health.com/blog/immediate-treatment-back-muscle-strain. (January 27, 2024)
  10. CoolSystems. 701424 Marketing Requirements Game Ready Wraps. Rev B.
  11. CoolSystems. 702916 Rev A Game Ready Control Unit 550550 Design Validation Report. Valid beyond 02/04/2008.

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