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As a tool for high-speed machining, it must be made from a material that offers high hardness and excellent wear resistance. Among the available options, ceramics are considered the most suitable choice. Ceramic cutting tools maintain their hardness even at elevated temperatures, exhibit strong resistance to plastic deformation, and are less susceptible to oxidative wear. However, one major drawback of traditional ceramics is their brittleness, which makes them prone to chipping or breaking under impact. In recent years, significant advancements have been made in ceramic technology, leading to the development of new types that address these limitations. For instance, coated ceramics and FRC (Fiber-Reinforced Ceramics) containing SiC (silicon carbide) fibers have entered the market, offering improved toughness and durability. These innovations now allow ceramic tools to be used effectively for high-speed cutting of difficult-to-machine materials like Ni-based superalloys.
Sumitomo Electric has introduced a novel tool material that features a special ceramic coating applied to CBN200/CBN80 substrates, which are sintered bodies of cubic boron nitride. This advanced coating enhances the material's wear resistance by up to 30%, significantly extending the tool's service life. The new tool is particularly well-suited for high-speed machining of hardened steels and cast irons—materials commonly used in the automotive industry. Its performance in high-temperature and high-stress environments makes it a game-changer for modern manufacturing processes. With ongoing research and development, ceramic tools are becoming more versatile, reliable, and capable of handling increasingly demanding applications.